Abstract Objective To describe translation to Spanish and Portuguese and adaptation of the Mental Illness Clinicians’ Attitudes Scale version 4 (MICA v4). Methods The questionnaire was administered to primary care physicians (PCPs) from four Latin-American countries, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, and Cuba. The validation process included four phases: 1) translation of the questionnaire to Spanish and Portuguese; 2) assessment of face validity; 3) assessment of reliability; and 4) evaluation of construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results The study sample comprised 427 PCPs. The mean age of the Spanish-speaking sample (n = 252) was 40.1 (S.D = 9.7) years and the mean age of the Portuguese-speaking sample (n = 150) was 40.2 (S.D = 10.9) years. Both models demonstrated “appropriate” internal reliability. Total omega was 0.91 for the Spanish-speaking sample and 0.89 for the Portuguese-speaking sample. The CFA of both questionnaires showed an appropriate fit for a three-factor model (Portuguese: CFI = 0.927; TLI = 0.913; RMSEA = 0.066; Spanish: CFI = 0.945; TLI = 0.935; RMSEA = 0.068). Conclusion The Latin-American versions of the MICA v4 in Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese have appropriate psychometric properties, good internal consistency, and are applicable to and acceptable in the Latin-American context. The instrument proved its validity for collecting data on stigmatizing attitudes among health professionals in different contexts and cultures.

ABSTRAC The aim of this study was to determine the growth and number of cocoons produced by Eisenia foetida (red worm) in four substrates. The treatments (substrates) were corn (T1), pumpkin (T2), sweet potato (T3) and potato (T4) in 1.5 kg of agricultural soil, 150 g of alpaca manure and 25 units of medium-size rocks. In total, 15 adult red worms were used per treatment, placed in wooden boxes and monitored for 40 days. The size and number of worms were measured, as well as the cocoons count. The length of the worms was similar for the treatments with corn (5.5 cm), potato (5.5 cm) and pumpkin (5.2 cm), but shorter in the treatment with sweet potato (4.0 cm; p=0.0045). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the number of cocoons between treatments.

RESUMEN El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el crecimiento y número de cocones generados por Eisenia foetida (lombriz roja) en cuatro sustratos. Los tratamientos (sustratos) fueron: choclo (T1), zapallo (T2), camote (T3) y papa (T4) en 1.5 kg de tierra agrícola, 150 g de estiércol de alpaca y 25 unidades de rocas medianas. Se utilizaron 15 lombrices rojas adultas por tratamiento, colocadas en cajas de madera y se hizo el seguimiento durante 40 días. Se midió el tamaño y número de lombrices, así como el conteo de cocones. La longitud de las lombrices fue similar para los tratamientos con choclo (5.5 cm), papa (5.5 cm) y zapallo (5.2 cm), pero menor en el tratamiento con camote (4.0 cm; p=0.0045). Por otro lado, no hubo diferencia significativa en el número de cocones entre tratamientos.